High-intensity combination exercise has the highest effect on increasing serum irisin and interleukin 6 levels in women with obesity.

OBJECTIVES: Lifestyle, overnutrition, socioeconomic status, environmental conditions, and genetics are factors that cause obesity. Lifestyle modification with a nonpharmacological approach based on physical exercise is the starting point in overcoming obesity. However, physical exercise with the appropriate and effective intensity for obese subjects is still debated. Therefore, this study aims to prove the effect of intensity differences with aerobic-resistance combination exercise on increasing irisin and IL-6 levels in obese women. METHODS: A total of 32 obese women were selected as subjects and administered the interventions of low-intensity combination exercise (Q2), moderate-intensity combination exercise (Q3), and high-intensity combination exercise (Q4). ELISA was used to measure irisin and IL-6 levels in all samples. Statistical analysis used one-way ANOVA and Turkey's-Honest Significant Difference (HSD) post hoc test. RESULTS: The mean Δ IL-6 levels in the control groups (Q1), Q2, Q3, and Q4 were 0.27 ± 2.54, 2.07 ± 2.55, 5.99 ± 6.25, and 7.98 ± 2.82 pg/mL with (p=0.015). The mean Δ irisin levels were 0.06 ± 0.81 ng/mL in Q1, 0.59 ± 0.67 ng/mL in Q2, 1.99 ± 1.65 ng/mL in Q3, 4.63 ± 3.57 ng/mL in Q4 with (p=0.001). CONCLUSIONS: This study proved that all three types of combined exercise intensity increased myokine levels, such as irisin and IL-6. However, high-intensity combination exercise provided the most optimal improvement in myokine levels in obese women. Future studies are needed to design long-term exercise programs specifically for obese adolescent women using the findings from this study.

The Positive Effect of Four-Week Combined Aerobic-Resistance Training on Body Composition and Adipokine Levels in Obese Females.

Obesity is a metabolic disease that is caused by a lack of physical activity and is associated with an increased risk of chronic inflammation. A total of 40 obese adolescent females with an average age of 21.93 ± 1.35 years and average body mass index (BMI) of 30.81 ± 3.54 kg/m2 were enrolled in this study, randomized, and divided into four groups, i.e., control (CTL; n = 10), moderate intensity aerobic training (MAT; n = 10), moderate intensity resistance training (MRT; n = 10), and moderate intensity combined aerobic-resistance training (MCT; n = 10). The enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kits method was used to analyze the adiponectin and leptin levels between pre-intervention and post-intervention. Statistical analysis was conducted using a paired sample t-test, while correlation analysis between variables used the Pearson product-moment correlation test. Research data showed that MAT, MRT, and MCT significantly increased adiponectin levels and decreased leptin levels compared to the CTL (p ≤ 0.05). The results of the correlation analysis of delta (∆) data showed that an increase in adiponectin levels was significantly negatively correlated with a decrease in body weight (BW) (r = -0.671, p ≤ 0.001), BMI (r = -0.665, p ≤ 0.001), and fat mass (FM) (r = -0.694, p ≤ 0.001) and positively correlated with an increase in skeletal muscle mass (SMM) (r = 0.693, p ≤ 0.001). Whereas, a decrease in leptin levels was significantly positively correlated with a decrease in BW (r = 0.744, p ≤ 0.001), BMI (r = 0.744, p ≤ 0.001), and FM (r = 0.718, p ≤ 0.001) and negatively correlated with an increase in SMM (r = -0.743, p ≤ 0.001). In summary, it can be concluded that our data show that adiponectin levels increased and leptin levels decreased after the intervention of aerobic, resistance, and combined aerobic-resistance training.